On this page

This component is part of CoreUI PRO – a powerful UI library with over 250 components and 25+ templates, designed to help you build modern, responsive apps faster. Fully compatible with Angular, Bootstrap, React.js, and Vue.js.

Angular Multi Select Component

Customize the native `select` with a powerful CoreUI **Multi-Select** component that changes initial element appearance and brings some new functionalities.

## Examples

## Modes ### Allow create options The `allowCreateOptions` property allows users to create new options in addition to selecting pre-existing ones from a list. When this property is set to true, the user can type in a new option in the search input field of the multiselect component. If the option does not exist in the list, it will be created and added to the list of available options. This can be useful when the list of available options is not comprehensive or when the user needs to add and select an option that is not already available.

It's worth noting that this feature may not always be relevant, depending on the specific use case of the multiselect component. In some cases, it may be preferable to restrict the user to selecting only pre-existing options, while in other cases, allowing for the creation of new options may be essential. It's important to consider the specific requirements of your application when deciding whether to enable this feature.

### Clear search on select The `clearSearchOnSelect` property is a Boolean attribute that can be used with the MultiSelect component in the CoreUI Angular library. When `clearSearchOnSelect` is set to `true`, the search input field in the MultiSelect component will be cleared as soon as the user selects an option from the dropdown list. This means that the search query will be reset and the user will be able to start a new search immediately. By default, `clearSearchOnSelect` is set to `false`, which means that the search input field will retain the user's search query even after an option has been selected. This can be useful in situations where the user needs to select multiple options from the dropdown list that match the same search query. To use the `clearSearchOnSelect` property with the MultiSelect component in the CoreUI Angular library, you simply need to set it to `true` or `false` as appropriate in your code. In the following example, the `clearSearchOnSelect` property is set to `true`. The search input field will be cleared as soon as the user selects an option from the dropdown list.

## Selection types ### Counter

### Tags

### Text

## Single selection Set the `multiple` boolean property to `false` and allow select only one element.

## Disabled Add the `disabled` boolean property to give it a grayed out appearance, remove pointer events, and prevent focusing.

## Sizing You may also choose from small and large multi selects to match our similarly sized text inputs.

## External search Use `(searchValueChange)` to handle external search.

## Custom search Pass `SearchFn` callback to the `search` prop for search customization.

## Virtual scroller Display large selection lists in a performant way by only rendering the options in view.

**Virtual scroller with ng-template and external search.** You can pass an ng-template with `cTemplateId="multiSelectOptionTemplate"` as a c-multi-select content. To use `multiSelectOptionTemplate` template you have to: - `import {SharedModule} from '@coreui/angular'`; - pass it as a string to `[cTemplateId]` directive

## Forms CoreUI MultiSelect component works with native html form method as is. Angular handles user input through reactive and template-driven forms. CoreUI MultiSelect supports both approaches. If no `value` prop is included for `c-multi-select-option`, the value defaults to the text contained inside the element. ### Reactive

### Template-driven

## Customizing ### CSS variables Angular multi selects use local CSS variables on `.form-multi-select` for enhanced real-time customization. Values for the CSS variables are set via Sass, so Sass customization is still supported, too.

  ```scss
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-zindex: #{$form-multi-select-zindex};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-font-family: #{$form-multi-select-font-family};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-font-size: #{$form-multi-select-font-size};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-font-weight: #{$form-multi-select-font-weight};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-line-height: #{$form-multi-select-line-height};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-color: #{$form-multi-select-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-bg: #{$form-multi-select-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-box-shadow: #{$form-multi-select-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-border-width: #{$form-multi-select-border-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-border-color: #{$form-multi-select-border-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-border-radius: #{$form-multi-select-border-radius};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-disabled-color: #{$form-multi-select-disabled-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-disabled-bg: #{$form-multi-select-disabled-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-disabled-border-color: #{$form-multi-select-disabled-border-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-focus-color: #{$form-multi-select-focus-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-focus-bg: #{$form-multi-select-focus-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-focus-border-color: #{$form-multi-select-focus-border-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-focus-box-shadow: #{$form-multi-select-focus-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-placeholder-color: #{$form-multi-select-placeholder-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-selection-padding-y: #{$form-multi-select-selection-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-selection-padding-x: #{$form-multi-select-selection-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-cleaner-width: #{$form-multi-select-cleaner-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-cleaner-height: #{$form-multi-select-cleaner-height};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-cleaner-padding-y: #{$form-multi-select-cleaner-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-cleaner-padding-x: #{$form-multi-select-cleaner-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-cleaner-icon: #{escape-svg($form-multi-select-cleaner-icon)};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-cleaner-icon-color: #{$form-multi-select-cleaner-icon-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-cleaner-icon-hover-color: #{$form-multi-select-cleaner-icon-hover-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-cleaner-icon-size: #{$form-multi-select-cleaner-icon-size};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-indicator-width: #{$form-multi-select-indicator-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-indicator-height: #{$form-multi-select-indicator-height};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-indicator-padding-y: #{$form-multi-select-indicator-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-indicator-padding-x: #{$form-multi-select-indicator-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-indicator-icon: #{escape-svg($form-multi-select-indicator-icon)};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-indicator-icon-color: #{$form-multi-select-indicator-icon-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-indicator-icon-hover-color: #{$form-multi-select-indicator-icon-hover-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-indicator-icon-size: #{$form-multi-select-indicator-icon-size};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-select-all-padding-y: #{$form-multi-select-select-all-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-select-all-padding-x: #{$form-multi-select-select-all-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-select-all-color: #{$form-multi-select-select-all-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-select-all-bg: #{$form-multi-select-select-all-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-select-all-border-width: #{$form-multi-select-select-all-border-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-select-all-border-color: #{$form-multi-select-select-all-border-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-select-all-hover-color: #{$form-multi-select-select-all-hover-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-select-all-hover-bg: #{$form-multi-select-select-all-hover-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-dropdown-min-width: #{$form-multi-select-dropdown-min-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-dropdown-bg: #{$form-multi-select-dropdown-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-dropdown-border-width: #{$form-multi-select-dropdown-border-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-dropdown-border-color: #{$form-multi-select-dropdown-border-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-dropdown-border-radius: #{$form-multi-select-dropdown-border-radius};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-dropdown-box-shadow: #{$form-multi-select-dropdown-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-options-padding-y: #{$form-multi-select-options-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-options-padding-x: #{$form-multi-select-options-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-options-font-size: #{$form-multi-select-options-font-size};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-options-font-weight: #{$form-multi-select-options-font-weight};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-options-color: #{$form-multi-select-options-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-optgroup-label-padding-y: #{$form-multi-select-optgroup-label-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-optgroup-label-padding-x: #{$form-multi-select-optgroup-label-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-optgroup-label-font-size: #{$form-multi-select-optgroup-label-font-size};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-optgroup-label-font-weight: #{$form-multi-select-optgroup-label-font-weight};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-optgroup-label-color: #{$form-multi-select-optgroup-label-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-optgroup-label-text-transform: #{$form-multi-select-optgroup-label-text-transform};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-padding-y: #{$form-multi-select-option-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-padding-x: #{$form-multi-select-option-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-margin-y: #{$form-multi-select-option-margin-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-margin-x: #{$form-multi-select-option-margin-x};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-border-width: #{$form-multi-select-option-border-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-border-color: #{$form-multi-select-option-border-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-border-radius: #{$form-multi-select-option-border-radius};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-box-shadow: #{$form-multi-select-option-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-hover-color: #{$form-multi-select-option-hover-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-hover-bg: #{$form-multi-select-option-hover-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-focus-box-shadow: #{$form-multi-select-option-focus-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-disabled-color: #{$form-multi-select-option-disabled-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-indicator-width: #{$form-multi-select-option-indicator-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-indicator-bg: #{$form-multi-select-option-indicator-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-indicator-border: #{$form-multi-select-option-indicator-border};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-indicator-border-radius: #{$form-multi-select-option-indicator-border-radius};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-selected-bg: #{$form-multi-select-option-selected-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-bg: #{$form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-bg-image: #{escape-svg($form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-bg-image)};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-border-color: #{$form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-border-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-padding-y: #{$form-multi-select-tag-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-padding-x: #{$form-multi-select-tag-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-bg: #{$form-multi-select-tag-bg};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-border-width: #{$form-multi-select-tag-border-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-border-color: #{$form-multi-select-tag-border-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-border-radius: #{$form-multi-select-tag-border-radius};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-delete-width: #{$form-multi-select-tag-delete-width};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-delete-height: #{$form-multi-select-tag-delete-height};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon: #{escape-svg($form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon)};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon-color: #{$form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon-hover-color: #{$form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon-hover-color};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon-size: #{$form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon-size};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-selection-tags-gap: #{$form-multi-select-selection-tags-gap};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-y: #{$form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-x: #{$form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-x};
  ```

#### How to use CSS variables

  ```ts
  const vars = {
  '--my-css-var': 10,
  '--my-another-css-var': "red"
  }
  ```

  ```html
  <div [ngStyle]="vars"></div>
  ```

### SASS variables

  ```scss
  $form-multi-select-zindex:                    1000;
  $form-multi-select-font-family:               $input-font-family;
  $form-multi-select-font-size:                 $input-font-size;
  $form-multi-select-font-weight:               $input-font-weight;
  $form-multi-select-line-height:               $input-line-height;
  $form-multi-select-color:                     $input-color;
  $form-multi-select-bg:                        $input-bg;
  $form-multi-select-box-shadow:                $box-shadow-inset;

  $form-multi-select-border-width:              $input-border-width;
  $form-multi-select-border-color:              $input-border-color;
  $form-multi-select-border-radius:             $input-border-radius;
  $form-multi-select-border-radius-sm:          $input-border-radius-sm;
  $form-multi-select-border-radius-lg:          $input-border-radius-lg;

  $form-multi-select-disabled-color:            $input-disabled-color;
  $form-multi-select-disabled-bg:               $input-disabled-bg;
  $form-multi-select-disabled-border-color:     $input-disabled-border-color;

  $form-multi-select-focus-color:               $input-focus-color;
  $form-multi-select-focus-bg:                  $input-focus-bg;
  $form-multi-select-focus-border-color:        $input-focus-border-color;
  $form-multi-select-focus-box-shadow:          $input-btn-focus-box-shadow;

  $form-multi-select-invalid-border-color:      var(--#{$prefix}form-invalid-border-color);
  $form-multi-select-valid-border-color:        var(--#{$prefix}form-valid-border-color);

  $form-multi-select-placeholder-color:         var(--#{$prefix}secondary-color);

  $form-multi-select-selection-padding-y:       $input-padding-y;
  $form-multi-select-selection-padding-x:       $input-padding-x;
  $form-multi-select-selection-tags-gap:        .25rem;
  $form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-y:  .25rem;
  $form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-x:  .25rem;

  $form-multi-select-tag-bg:                    var(--#{$prefix}secondary-bg);
  $form-multi-select-tag-border-width:          var(--#{$prefix}border-width);
  $form-multi-select-tag-border-color:          var(--#{$prefix}border-color);
  $form-multi-select-tag-border-radius:         .25rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-border-radius-sm:      .125rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-border-radius-lg:      .375rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-padding-y:             .0625rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-padding-x:             .5rem;

  $form-multi-select-tag-delete-width:             .75rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-delete-height:            .75rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon:              url("data:image/svg+xml,");
  $form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon-color:        var(--#{$prefix}secondary-color);
  $form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon-hover-color:  var(--#{$prefix}body-color);
  $form-multi-select-tag-delete-icon-size:         .5rem;

  $form-multi-select-cleaner-width:             1.5rem;
  $form-multi-select-cleaner-height:            1.5rem;
  $form-multi-select-cleaner-padding-x:         0;
  $form-multi-select-cleaner-padding-y:         0;
  $form-multi-select-cleaner-icon:              url("data:image/svg+xml,");
  $form-multi-select-cleaner-icon-color:        var(--#{$prefix}tertiary-color);
  $form-multi-select-cleaner-icon-hover-color:  var(--#{$prefix}body-color);
  $form-multi-select-cleaner-icon-size:         .625rem;

  $form-multi-select-indicator-width:             1.5rem;
  $form-multi-select-indicator-height:            1.5rem;
  $form-multi-select-indicator-padding-x:         0;
  $form-multi-select-indicator-padding-y:         0;
  $form-multi-select-indicator-icon:              url("data:image/svg+xml,");
  $form-multi-select-indicator-icon-color:        var(--#{$prefix}tertiary-color);
  $form-multi-select-indicator-icon-hover-color:  var(--#{$prefix}body-color);
  $form-multi-select-indicator-icon-size:         .75rem;

  $form-multi-select-dropdown-min-width:        100%;
  $form-multi-select-dropdown-bg:               var(--#{$prefix}body-bg);
  $form-multi-select-dropdown-border-color:     var(--#{$prefix}border-color);
  $form-multi-select-dropdown-border-width:     var(--#{$prefix}border-width);
  $form-multi-select-dropdown-border-radius:    var(--#{$prefix}border-radius);
  $form-multi-select-dropdown-box-shadow:       var(--#{$prefix}box-shadow);

  $form-multi-select-select-all-padding-y:      .5rem;
  $form-multi-select-select-all-padding-x:      .75rem;
  $form-multi-select-select-all-color:          var(--#{$prefix}body-secondary-color);
  $form-multi-select-select-all-bg:             transparent;
  $form-multi-select-select-all-hover-color:    var(--#{$prefix}body-color);
  $form-multi-select-select-all-hover-bg:       transparent;
  $form-multi-select-select-all-border-width:   $input-border-width;
  $form-multi-select-select-all-border-color:   $input-border-color;

  $form-multi-select-options-padding-y:         .5rem;
  $form-multi-select-options-padding-x:         .75rem;
  $form-multi-select-options-font-size:         $font-size-base;
  $form-multi-select-options-font-weight:       $font-weight-normal;
  $form-multi-select-options-color:             var(--#{$prefix}body-color);

  $form-multi-select-optgroup-label-padding-y:       .5rem;
  $form-multi-select-optgroup-label-padding-x:       .625rem;
  $form-multi-select-optgroup-label-font-size:       80%;
  $form-multi-select-optgroup-label-font-weight:     $font-weight-bold;
  $form-multi-select-optgroup-label-color:           var(--#{$prefix}tertiary-color);
  $form-multi-select-optgroup-label-text-transform:  uppercase;

  $form-multi-select-option-padding-y:               .5rem;
  $form-multi-select-option-padding-x:               1.25rem;
  $form-multi-select-option-margin-y:                1px;
  $form-multi-select-option-margin-x:                0;
  $form-multi-select-option-border-width:            $input-border-width;
  $form-multi-select-option-border-color:            transparent;
  $form-multi-select-option-border-radius:           var(--#{$prefix}border-radius);
  $form-multi-select-option-box-shadow:              $box-shadow-inset;

  $form-multi-select-option-hover-color:             var(--#{$prefix}body-color);
  $form-multi-select-option-hover-bg:                var(--#{$prefix}tertiary-bg);

  $form-multi-select-option-focus-box-shadow:        $input-btn-focus-box-shadow;

  $form-multi-select-option-indicator-width:          1em;
  $form-multi-select-option-indicator-bg:             $form-check-input-bg;
  $form-multi-select-option-indicator-border:         $form-check-input-border;
  $form-multi-select-option-indicator-border-radius:  .25em;

  $form-multi-select-option-selected-bg:                      var(--#{$prefix}secondary-bg);
  $form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-bg:            $form-check-input-checked-bg-color;
  $form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-bg-image:      $form-check-input-checked-bg-image;
  $form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-border-color:  $form-multi-select-option-selected-indicator-bg;

  $form-multi-select-option-disabled-color:        var(--#{$prefix}secondary-color);

  $form-multi-select-font-size-lg:                 $input-font-size-lg;
  $form-multi-select-selection-padding-y-lg:       $input-padding-y-lg;
  $form-multi-select-selection-padding-x-lg:       $input-padding-x-lg;
  $form-multi-select-selection-tags-gap-lg:        .25rem;
  $form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-y-lg:  .25rem;
  $form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-x-lg:  .25rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-padding-y-lg:             .175rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-padding-x-lg:             .5rem;

  $form-multi-select-font-size-sm:                 $input-font-size-sm;
  $form-multi-select-selection-padding-y-sm:       $input-padding-y-sm;
  $form-multi-select-selection-padding-x-sm:       $input-padding-x-sm;
  $form-multi-select-selection-tags-gap-sm:        .125rem;
  $form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-y-sm:  .0625rem;
  $form-multi-select-selection-tags-padding-x-sm:  .125rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-padding-y-sm:             .075rem;
  $form-multi-select-tag-padding-x-sm:             .5rem;
  ```

--- ## API reference ### MultiSelect Module

 ```typescript
import { MultiSelectModule, SharedModule } from '@coreui/angular';

@NgModule({
    imports: [
      MultiSelectModule,
      SharedModule
    ]
})
export class AppModule(){}
```

--- ### c-multi-select _component_ ##### Inputs

| name | description | type | default | | ---- | ----------- | ---- | ------- | | `allowCreateOptions`

4.5.15+

4.7.4+

4.5.15+

4.5.5+

| When set, the options list will have a loading style: loading spinner and reduced opacity. | `boolean` |_false_| | `multiple` | Specifies that multiple options can be selected at once | `boolean` |_false_| | `optionsMaxHeight` | Sets maxHeight of options list | `number` \| `string` |_auto_| | `optionsStyle` | Sets option style | `checkbox` \| `text` |_checkbox_| | `placeholder` | Specifies a short hint that is visible in the search input | `string` |_Select..._| | `search` | Enables search input element | `boolean \| 'external' \| SearchFn` |_true_| | `searchValue` | Search value | `string` |_''_| | `searchNoResultsLabel` | Sets the label for no results when filtering | `string` |_no items_| | `selectAll` | Enables select all button | `boolean` |_true_| | `selectAllLabel` | Sets the select all button label | `string` |_Select all options_| | `selectionType` | Sets the selection style | `counter` \| `tags` \| `text` |_tags_| | `selectionTypeCounterText` | Sets the counter selection label | `string` |_item(s) selected_| | `selectionTypeCounterTextPluralMap` | Counter selection label plural map for `I18nPluralPipe` | `{ '=1': 'item selected', 'other': 'items selected' }`| | `size` | Size the component | `sm \| lg` |_undefined_| | `valid` | Set input validation visual feedback. | `boolean` | _undefined_ | | `visible` | Toggle the visibility of multi select dropdown | `boolean` |_false_| | `visibleItems` | Visible options count, overwrites `optionsMaxHeight` | `number` |_10_| | `virtualScroller`

4.4.12+

##### Outputs

| name | description | type | | ---- | ----------- | ---- | | `valueChange` | Event emitted on `value` change | `string \| number \| (string \| number)[]` | | `visibleChange` | Event emitted on `visible` change | `boolean` | | `searchValueChange` | Event emitted on `searchValue` change | `string` |

--- ### c-multi-select-option _component_ ##### Inputs

| name | description | type | default | | ---- | ----------- | ---- | ------- | | `disabled` | Disables option element | `boolean` |_false_| | `id` | Html id attribute for option | `string` |_autogenerated_| | `label` | Option label | `string` |_undefined_| | `optionsStyle` | Option style | `checkbox` \| `text` |_checkbox_| | `role` | Role for option element | `string` |_option_| | `selected` | Selects option element | `boolean` |_false_| | `value` | Option value
`number` type allowed since

4.7.5+

| `string \| number` |_undefined_|

--- ### c-multi-select-optgroup _component_ ##### Inputs

| name | description | type | default | | ---- | ----------- | ---- | ------- | | `disabled` | Disables all options in optgroup | `boolean` |_false_| | `label` | Options group label | `string` |_undefined_|