Single Node.js instances have throughput limits, and production applications require multiple instances for high availability and horizontal scaling. As the creator of CoreUI with over 12 years of Node.js experience since 2014, I’ve architected load-balanced systems serving millions of requests daily. Load balancing distributes incoming traffic across multiple Node.js processes or servers, improving performance and providing redundancy if instances fail. The most common approach uses Nginx as a reverse proxy to balance requests across multiple Node.js instances.

Node.js runs on a single thread by default, which means a single CPU-intensive task can block all requests and multi-core systems are underutilized. With over 12 years of Node.js development experience since 2014 and as the creator of CoreUI, I’ve scaled numerous APIs to handle thousands of concurrent requests. The cluster module allows you to spawn multiple worker processes that share the same server port, distributing load across all CPU cores. This approach dramatically improves throughput and provides automatic restart capability when workers crash.

Event loop blocking is one of the most common performance issues in Node.js, causing unresponsive servers and poor request handling capacity. As the creator of CoreUI with over 12 years of Node.js development experience since 2014, I’ve optimized numerous APIs suffering from blocked event loops. The event loop handles all asynchronous operations, and blocking it with CPU-intensive synchronous code prevents Node.js from processing other requests. The solution involves identifying blocking operations and either making them asynchronous or offloading them to worker threads.

Memory leaks in Node.js applications cause gradual performance degradation and eventual crashes, making them critical to identify and resolve in production environments. With over 12 years of Node.js experience since 2014 and as the creator of CoreUI, I’ve debugged memory leaks in numerous backend systems serving millions of requests. Common causes include unclosed database connections, event listeners that aren’t removed, and global variable accumulation. The solution involves using Chrome DevTools heap snapshots to identify leaks and implementing proper cleanup patterns.

Identifying performance bottlenecks in Node.js applications is essential for maintaining responsiveness under load, especially in production environments. With over 12 years of Node.js development experience since 2014 and as the creator of CoreUI, I’ve optimized numerous backend systems serving millions of requests. Node.js includes a built-in CPU profiler that integrates with Chrome DevTools, allowing you to visualize function execution times and identify slow code paths. This approach provides production-grade profiling without external dependencies.

Performance profiling identifies CPU bottlenecks, memory leaks, and inefficient code paths to optimize Node.js application throughput and responsiveness. As the creator of CoreUI, a widely used open-source UI library, I’ve profiled and optimized Node.js backends throughout my 11 years of backend development. The most comprehensive approach combines Chrome DevTools profiler for CPU analysis with Node.js performance hooks for metrics collection. This method reveals function execution times, identifies hot paths, and exposes event loop blocking operations.

Performance monitoring enables early detection of bottlenecks, memory leaks, and degraded responsiveness in Node.js applications before they impact users. As the creator of CoreUI, a widely used open-source UI library, I’ve implemented performance monitoring in production Node.js services throughout my 11 years of backend development. The most effective approach is using Node.js built-in performance hooks and process metrics to track key indicators. This method provides real-time visibility into application health without external dependencies and minimal performance overhead.

Prefetching queries in React Query loads data in advance before users navigate to a page or trigger an action, creating a seamless experience with instant data display. As the creator of CoreUI, a widely used open-source UI library, I’ve implemented prefetching strategies in data-heavy admin dashboards throughout my 11 years of React development. The most effective approach is using queryClient.prefetchQuery in event handlers or navigation logic to load data proactively. This method populates the cache before components mount, eliminating loading states for better user experience.

Worker threads enable parallel execution of CPU-intensive tasks in Node.js without blocking the main event loop, crucial for computationally heavy operations. As the creator of CoreUI, a widely used open-source UI library, I’ve implemented worker threads in Node.js applications throughout my 11 years of backend development. The most effective approach is using the built-in worker_threads module to offload intensive computations to separate threads. This method maintains application responsiveness while processing complex calculations or data transformations.

Pre-rendering generates static HTML for your Angular pages at build time, providing instant page loads and perfect SEO without requiring a Node.js server. As the creator of CoreUI, a widely used open-source UI library, I’ve implemented prerendering for Angular applications throughout my 11 years of framework development. The most efficient approach is using Angular Universal’s built-in prerender builder to generate static pages during the build process. This method combines the benefits of SSR with the simplicity of static hosting.